>>315153
All right, boys and girls, let me tell you a story about Marvel's (and, to a smaller degree maybe, also DC's, but I'm not an expert on them) businness model that makes absolutely nobody happy.
As with everything that's wrong with comics, it all started in the nineties. At the start of the decade, people started hearing about how rare comics featuring first appearances of popular heroes – Action Comics #1 and Detective Comics #27, the debut issues of Superman and Batman respectively, among others – sold for some serious money (some pages say a AC#1 sold for a million, while according to others it only sold for around $10k – and the latter is probably the truth, seeing as how some other sites are telling me that the first time a comicbook actually sold for a million was a few years ago, and it was another copy of Action Comics #1).
And then, new #1s started coming out: first, the adjectiveless Spider-Man (there were other, older Spidey comics, but they all had an adjective in the title: Amazing, Spectacular, the like) series, created by Todd McFarlane (no relation to Family Guy's Seth McFarlene, as far as I know) in 1990 was hyped up by Marvel as a collectors item, published with three different covers (we call them "Variants"), and sold about 2.5 million copies. A year later, an adjectiveless X-Men series by series veteran writer Chris Claremont and hot-stuff artist Jim Lee (no relation to Stan Lee) was published with five different, interlocking variant covers, and sold a whopping 8.1 million copies – still a record to this day. At the same time another X-series, New Mutants, was rebranded as X-Force, starting with a new #1, written and illustrated by Rob Liefeld, he of giant and physically impossible guns and strategical foot covering fame, and I'm sure it did pretty good as well.
Now, let's put two and two together. In hindsight it's pretty obvious that those sales numbers were because of people who heard the stories of #1s fetching crazy money, assumed that the value of those new #1s would spike as well in a few years and decided to buy a bunch of them as an "investement".
Which, of course is completely retarded if you know the basics of economy. The old comics were valuable because between wear and tear, comic book collecting in those years not being all that popular, and most of the REALLY old ones being scrapped for the war effort, the ones in good condition were actually rare. Meanwhile, there were 3 million copies of Spider-Man #1 printed, and most of them winded up in the possesion of collectors taking good care of them. Supply was way more biggererer than demand, but no-one seemed to notice.
For some time, the speculator bubble grew, and Marvel (and DC as well) fed the speculator market even more, with special editions, super-special-awesome holo covers and shit like that. To make matters worse, comic book companies relied more and more on the collectors market, ignoring "actual readers market", because they believed that's where the real money was.
Part of that reasoning was, I'm guessing, the fact that when your comics are distributed by grocery stores, newsstands and other shops like that, you have to buy back the unsold copies. Meanwhile, comic shops – which started popping up everywhere in the nineties because major comicbook distributors like Diamond introduced new, very lax rules about who can create a new shop – worked on a principle called Direct Market: meaning that the stores are BUYING the comics from the publishers, and then sell them to their customers. This is important, and we'll get back to that later.
So anyway, we're in 1992 right now, and shit's getting cray. A bunch of artists working for Marvel, McFarlane, Lee and Liefeld among them, were pissed on their work for hire policy and, thinking that their series popularity had anything at all to dowith them being any good, decided to create their own publishing company, with blackjack and hookers and with them keeping all the rights – Image Comics. That meant, of course, a new slew of #1s for retarded "investors" to buy. There are stories of people – allegedly – buying up whole boxesfull of Youngblood #1, and while I don't think it's possible to actually confirm those stories to be true, they're pretty indicative of what the atmosphere was at the time.