>>292
>>293
>>294
>D-Star, C4FM,
These aren't making much headway because you're locked in to Icom or Yaesu equipment, respectively. Theoretically another manufacturer could implement either protocol, but it's not happening because of licensing fees and whatnot.
>DMR/MotoTRBO nad APCO25
These have the same weakness as the first two - They rely on a proprietary AMBE/IMBE vocoder, which limits the ability to build a home-brew or software defined solution. They're also pretty much exclusive to commercial-grade LMR equipment, which even on the used market is far out of the price range of most hams. (A used & abused low-end commercial HT can run $400+, covers a single band, and ANY frequency or repeater information has to be programmed via proprietary software that the manufacturer may not be willing to sell to a radio amateur. It's worthless for amateur use without that software package).
> freeDV
This and Codec2, which it's based on, are very promising. Unfortunately, they're software-exclusive at the moment due to the algorithmic complexity, and Codec2 isn't yet mature enough for any manufacturer to spin custom silicon.