I argue with people for many reasons.
I don't argue with others to prove that I am right; more often, I argue so that I can be proven wrong. I try to keep emotion away from argument, so as to keep discussions civil. However, matching wits with belief is a sport of sorts that I very much enjoy. Instead of attacking or defending an idea, I look at each argument as a sort of verbal "sparring". I don't put too much emotional stock in the ideas that I argue; in fact, I have more fun arguing in favor of concepts that I don't believe personally than ones I do.
I argue for a multitude of reasons.
One, I see logical fallacies in many arguments and I want to correct them, so they can better their argument. Two, It helps my understanding of a concept when I argue about something that I have not thought of in depth before- I have many "Eureka" moments mid-conversation. Three- it lets me see deeper into the reasoning as to why people think the way they do. Four, I want to present groups of people with dissenting opinions to detract away from an "everyone should know this, its common sense" mentality. Five, I'm a devil's advocate and love it. Six, in conversations in which I do have emotional investment in, I want to be proven wrong, but I will not surrender until I myself have conceded the argument.
I also have guidelines for arguing:
1. If the other person(s) are obviously upset, stop the argument. It's not worth burning bridges over.
2. If you are upset, leave and stop arguing. No one will argue with you then if you don't.
3.Compliment the person you argue when they make a good/difficult to refute point. (If you have to think about how to counter it, it's a good point)
4. Don't be afraid to concede. You can't win them all.
That being said, no one likes to argue with me, and I don't know why.