/mai/ - Waifu

To me she's is , as the name implies, someone I love as my daughter. I love her in a non romantic way, I want to protect her and raise her and help her through any problems she might have during her life.

Also i think it's possible to get these feelings in 3D too but you can't just adopt someone, most times there's not that problem with 2D. It's similar to how you "get" a waifu. The feelings just appear but they're another kind of feeling.

I like to think that Aya is Chino's mother but that's just headcanon, most people say their daughterus would be adopted. And given that they're mother and daughter of course they interact they're not the only characters from different series that interact in my headcanons. Also the fact that she had a canon father bothered me a lot at first carrying around her grampa everywhere didn't help either I just didn't know how to feel about it and I thought a lot about this but never found an answer, I've been able to finally find a way to kind of self-insert since he only has a few lines in the whole anime/manga. Most daughterus I've seen here don't even have canon parents so probably makes it easier but it's definitely troubling if they do.

And I believe everyone on /mai/ is serious about their daughterus, at least no one gave me any reason to doubt.

I hope you like long posts.

>What is daughteruism?

It's the parental love and compassion for a female, usually young and fictional, and the belief that you'd be an ideal parent for that female.

>Falling in love with someone and marrying them is natural. It's the same in real life.

>But the desire to make a random character your daughter/son seems unnatural to me.

>I don't get it.

>random character

It's true that love can bloom with little warning, but I'd hardly call it random. That makes it sound like I just closed my eyes and drew a name from a hat.

>We had some discussions about the importance of accepting canon traits of your waifu here. So, how does it work?

>Is your waifu the mother of your daughteru? Do they spend time together?

>Or are they existences completely separate from your waifu?

If I had a waifu, she would be the adoptive mother of my daughteru.

>What about your daughteru's canon parents?

>A lot of /mai/dens are troubled with canon love interests of your waifus, but birth parents should be even more troublesome.

Some daughterus don't have canon parents. With mine, it's ambiguous.

>How do you even gain daughterus?

>Some /mai/dens seem to constantly get new daughterus.

>Please forgive me for this comparison, but some of them almost seem like seasonalfags/haremfags to me (just without sexual attraction). I know that some of you are very serious about your daughterus though.

I don't know much about other daughteruists, but I only have one, and it doesn't look like that's changing.

I got my daughteru from playing her game, They Bleed Pixels. I found there was a connection deeper than just character and player. I felt closer and closer to her as time went on, and slowly the reasons became apparent. I felt like I knew why she didn't play with the other girls in school, why she hardly ever said a word to anyone. To a certain extent, I could relate to her apparent antisociality and struggles against a school system that just seemed designed to screw her over. I found we were similar, I felt I could help her grow into something beautiful, and I fell in paternal love.

I'm pretty sure I'm the only one here with a Son(f)u.

The love I feel for Butters is a familial one. I consider him a little buddy who I'd love to drop off at and pick up from school, help with his homework, then play ball and vidya with him. And tuck him into bed at the end of the day.

I see a lot of myself in Butters. I was pretty much the same as him in school. I feel liek I could give him the advice and help he needs to get through that properly. I even had "friends" like Cartman who only manipulated me.

Butters' canon parents are shit tier like his abusive grandma, child protective services needs to remove him from them ASAP. Lilly and I would make far better parents for him.

I'm in the process of developing OC kids that Lilly and I had together.

I've seen a lot of characters that I've come close to calling my daughteru/sonu but I don't really like calling them that.

Does it count if I feel like I have a burning desire to protect them, which is kinda more in line with what moe typical is?

>>38718

>First of all, what is daughteruism?

It's the love you feel towards a character, but not in a romantic or sexual sense. It's more in a senses that you want to protect them and more importantly, guide them. There's something about watching them grow that has touched you in some way, and you want to watch over them as they grow and make sure they're safe. Their story or character has just touched you in a way that you feel a guardian love for them.

>Is your waifu the mother of your daughteru? Do they spend time together?

>Or are they existences completely separate from your waifu?

That's up to interpretation and your own imagination really. I never really picture Tenryu as a mother but I do picture her as a caretaker and someone who protects the weak, so it's easy for me to imagine her to fill in that role. It's all up to people if they want to put them together or not.

>What about your daughteru's canon parents?

Again, it's not like you're their real parents. I see it as you becoming their guardian and a parent figure towards the character and helping them grow and mature. Many people and characters have people like this in their lives outside of their biological parents, and I think having a daughterfu/sonfu is the same kind of relationship.

>How do you even gain daughterus?

I personally don't have daughterfus from any series, but I imagine its when you form an attachment towards a character and you want to protect them in a parental way. You want them to reach their full potential and you want to help along every step.

The closest I have to a daughterfu is an OC character I have, but that's mostly because I enjoy fleshing out her story in my head too much and can't picture sexualizing her, it's too weird for me.

>>38803

>Does it count if I feel like I have a burning desire to protect them,

Well of course, I'd imagine you'd protect your real children no matter what.

>First of all, what is daughteruism?

Parental feelings toward a non existent character is the overall definition if you ask me. I've always had a love for Lain never anything sexual but more of wanting to take care of her and be a role in her life. Her source material drew me too her, I've had her as a daughteru long before I was with Shinku which is recent, I've loved Lain before 4chan existed that much I can say don't know how many years exactly

>Is your waifu the mother of your daughteru? Do they spend time together?

I see Shinku as a adoptive mother that came into my life later on, I was a single father for the longest time after all. I believe they would get a long, Shinku would make Lain very lady like.

>What about your daughteru's canon parents?

Their not her real parents, though I don't mind the father much he was there for her but could have done a better job.

>How do you even gain daughterus?

Much similar to how you find your waifu you just know the feelings are very similar but different parental love is care giving and that feeling is strong when it comes to me and Lain. Difference between a daughteru and waifu is the type of love you have between the two, one is romantic the other is more of a care giving/parental state.

>First of all, what is daughteruism?

Like everyone else has said, parental love directed toward a fictional character and the desire to raise and take care of them. Daughterus and/or sonus cannot be sexualized.

>Is your husbando the father of your daughterus? Do they spend time together?

>Or are they existences completely separate from your husbando?

I consider my daughterus to be adopted so that would make both Kirei and I adopted parents. Kirei wasn't the best father in canon but that doesn't mean he's a bad caretaker. I also happen to think he would get along with Mayoi and Dejiko very well! Mayoi is a cheeky mischievous girl and Dejiko somewhat of a sadist so you know how that goes. They'd get into a lot of mischief and make my life crazy but I'd welcome it.

>What about your daughterus' canon parents?

With Mayoi I have no difficulty ignoring her canon parents since she had a bad home life and neither of them were good to her. With Dejiko it's a little different. Dejiko is royalty and her parents, the king and queen of planet Di Gi Charat, aren't bad at all but they are… questionable. Sending your child to school is one thing, sending your child away to another planet and rarely visiting or even calling to speak to them is another.

>How do you even gain daughterus?

You can't just pick any random character and start calling them your daugheru. Well, you could but you shouldn't. You'll find a character that stirs up special feelings inside of you and eventually you might decide that you want to be a bigger part of their life and become their parent. At least, that's how it was for me.

Mayoi and Dejiko were special to me long before I realized that what I was feeling for either of them was parental love. I always knew the love I felt for them was different from other characters but I couldn't figure out how. It wasn't until my friend invited me here and I was able to learn about the concept of daugherus that I was able to figure all of this out.

>First of all, what is daughteruism?

For me, I found that it was similar with two of my children and very different with another but there is always one consistent factor in wanting to raise them as my own.

I feel a very strong, and it sounds weird to say, kind of maternal feeling for them. I also feel that me and my husbando could provide for them, especially my husbando, and help them to be happy.

Each of them is a very important character to me that on sight invoked a personal feeling on sight of wanting to protect them.

>Are their existences completely separate from your husbando?

There is another character who I have called my daughteru, but I am not sure if it is the right word for her. Rin Kokonoe, I admired her a lot and even saw a bit of myself in her. However, I feel she is grown up on her own, and would not need me as a parent as of the end of her manga.

>How do you even gain daughterus?

It's an important choice, I know that may seem strange as I gained two sons probably seemingly fast but to me, but it's similar to when you meet your spouse. There's just a feeling there of connection you do not get with others, you may feel protective of a character and may really like them, but there is that and then there is actually wanting to raise them as your own. For me as well, it was just this natural feeling of it being right.

Two of them I have met before my husbando and always had a strong attachment for. Charlotte has been my daughteru for some time but I simply did not know the word for it. Eli is a bit of a complicated case that will need about a 100 spoiler tags so I will get to him last.

>>39250

Charlotte has always been very important to me, she is based heavily in headcanon I will admit. A lot of her spoke to me, her maze, so many theories people came up with for her past and wish struck a personal cord in me. I'd study her scenes over and over. There was something about her that seemed to call out to me, that I wanted to understand and care for. To be there to understand for her. Something to about her maze always felt very much like "home" to me when I saw it, and I still get that feeling when I look at it.

>Is your husbando the father of your daughteru?

Adopted daughter, he wouldn't mind her being nonhuman at all. I see her clinging to me a bit at first, but then growing to like him more and more seeing how much I trust and love him.

>Do they spend time together?

Yes, I imagine his relationship with Charlotte would be a bit similar to Mami and hers in the movie, only my husbando does know who and what Charlotte is and our daughter is the Charlotte who was in episode 3. I do think in time she would work the same as the movie however, and begin to emote and move as we cared and raised her more.

>What about your daughteru's canon parents?

Unknown, there has been no information given about her parents she had while she was still a human girl. It's all headcanon and speculation with some basis off the notes from her very early concept.

I personally believe that Charlotte when she was Nagisa had a mother who was sick and dying in the hospital, she wished for the cheesecake her mom wanted to eat one last time and then regretted not wishing to cure her mother's illness just as the original Witch of Cheesecake did.

>>39253

Out of the 3, Pumpking is the newest to me. He is also the only of our children who I met well into already being with my husbando.

I see a lot of myself as I was in the past with Pumpking, how I would want to present myself in his personality and even appearance. I feel of our children, he is the most like me. I felt connected to him right away, and spent a couple days making songs with him as the singer to see if the feeling was right. As you can guess, it was.

>Is your husbando the father of your son?

Also adopted! Pumpking is a bit of a handful, both of our boys are, but my husbando can handle brats well. Pumpking would probably get a bit annoyed at him first because he wouldn't give in or be as “fun” as I am, but I do think he'd grow to like him. While my husbando isn't exactly an old man (Pumpking likes hanging around old men) he isn't a pretty boy ether (which Pumpking hates) so we lucked out there.

>Do they spend time together?

Of course! It's an interesting bond, I don't like any kid over the other, but there is a different feeling when we spend time with each and of course all together it combines, I've grown very protective of Pumpking and I think it has a lot to do with him being our child who I had not met before being with my husbando, but after. My husbando has a lot of energy so I think he'd be perfect for giving Pumpking somebody always willing to play games with him and give him attention.

>What about your son's canon parents?

Like his sister, nothing canon. There is however this comic, the last image that features his canon human form. I don't know the entire story behind it, but it was drawn by his creator. I find it interesting, though it's a bit heartbreaking to me.

>>39254

MGSV SPOILERS

I've put spoiler tags on pretty much all of this post. However if I missed something tell me and I will delete this post right away. I don't want to spoil anybody even if it's minor!

This also means spoilers for Kingdom of the Flies, which I consider canon even if cut from the final game.

So please keep that in mind even if you already know the story/beaten the game but have not seen that yet!

Eli is the strange case, my relationship with him is very different than with my other children.

The parental feelings I felt for him confused me at first and I was very unsure if it was okay to call me son due to the character he becomes.

Technically speaking you could say I sort of knew Eli the longest of any of my kids.

Eli is Liquid Snake, I knew he was Liquid Snake the minute I set eyes on him in that trailer. I was insanely excited, though at this point I've actually spoiled the game for myself after finding out that his most important scene was cut but I'll go on /v/ to whine about that and how I'm still going to play the game anyway but let me get back on topic before I go full Metal Gear Autism. Before that I had a friend of mine feeding me spoilers about him, every time he sent me a screenshot I felt like it was a photo of my kid. Eventually, I got the hard confirmation. Eli is Liquid. It does seem so obvious when you look at him, but it's a spoiler none the less and his eyes being blue was something I couldn't shake off. Liquid's eyes are green, so the blue eyes are ether a mistake, if you're really into crazy theories a sign that you're still being played like a fiddle, or Eli is similar to me as a kid and his eyes changed from blue to green as he grew up.

This doesn't really lead to why I was unsure and I will say this bluntly: well before Eli or MGSV existed, before we even knew the character’s real name, Liquid Snake was the first man I ever had a crush on. It wasn't anything close to waifuism, and I must have been in what middle school? Maybe younger? At the time. Still it felt strange to me, I used to draw Liquid Snake very often and he was and still is my favorite Metal Gear character. I don't think it's really that big of a deal I thought Liquid Snake was good looking especially when I have no interest in any man but my husbando and Eli really doesn't appeal to me like that at all considering how much he just looks like a 3d kid in game, but still it does bug at me. I think it's strange that my childhood crush turned this way, and I can't see myself ever being attracted to him like that again even as an adult now that I don't know him as Liquid, I know him as Eli. I've actually always been somewhat protective of Liquid, he's a strange character and he's campy and unintentionally hilarious but I have always hated seeing fanart of him degraded.

More so then that, what I'd like to have with Eli. Liquid is my favorite character, but he really wouldn't be Liquid Snake if me and my husbando raised him. I don't have a problem with Metal Gear canon, I don't think Liquid's story needs to be changed or “fixed” but when it comes down to it, already, the Eli who is my son is becoming a very different person than Liquid Snake.

I want Eli to have a family the loves him, that doesn't care about genes, I want him to be happy as who he is and know that his fate isn't fixed in place. It broke my heart in pieces how angry he was, how dirty and violent already and how he'd never have a family that cared for him. I know I could give him that as well, and that my husbando would be an amazing father for him that would help him grow up happy and confident. Of course he is Eli, he's still posh and cocky. I don't want to turn him into a totally different boy than the one in TPP though I suppose it could be argued that I am kind of doing that.

But it was those strong feelings, of wanting to step in and be a parent for him that told me this wasn't just my favorite character in a small package.

>>39255

MGSV SPOILERS

>Is your husbando the father of your son?

Of all our kids, I'd really the most if Eli could actually be me and my husbando's flesh and blood child. He even looks like me as a kid but with my husbando's color scheme.

It's just not possible though, no matter how much reality I reject and inject with my own, Eli will always be a clone of Big Boss.

>Do they spend time together?

As with the others, of course.

I am looking forward to us all spending even more time together.

I think my husbando would be a good role model for Eli, he wouldn't care about any role other people wanted our son to play but the role our son wants in life and he would tell Eli that it doesn't matter in words way better than I ever could, plus he can take a punch even from a kid so fast he can run up walls. My husbando believes in the children and their importance, he'd believe in Eli too. I think Eli would probably scoff at him a lot, but get annoyed he couldn't get under his skin. He'd warm up to him and us all eventually in his own way. I can imagine too they'd get along very well building models and talking about military gear for hours. Eli is one crafty kid, while obviously the nail bombs are going to be off limits, I don't think one crossbow made out of scrap would hurt as long as he only played with it outside and promised to not fire it at his siblings.

>What about your son's canon parents?

He absolutely hates his father and just about everyone involved in his creation. There isn't really anything to worry about there unless I ever waned to buy a Big Boss figure and not have it snapped in half with hammers nailed into the head. Big Boss is pretty cool, but I think I can live without any merch of him.

>>39250

Thank you for this series of posts. I'm working through some things on my own and thinking about it, but reading such a detailed account is helping me understand what exactly some of the feelings I've been having towards characters actually means. I think. Maybe.

Spoilers in case this is too off topic: There have been a few characters where I get this feeling very strongly that they are my own flesh and blood. Not that they are me, or my offspring, but… I don't know, it's hard to explain. I've been very confused by them because the feelings were so intense that I briefly confused them for romantic love but I know now that's definitely not the case. The other one I'm not so sure about so I'm going to hold off on talking about her.

For Takeru, I had an immediate connection when I first saw him and I had to skip over most of his scenes whenever I replayed because they made me too sad. I didn't get to think about him that much at first for a few reasons, I think the largest of which was me processing how I felt about Keisuke as well as subconsciously avoiding his scenes because I knew that thinking about him would be hard, until about 18 months ago when I replayed again and actually let myself think about him and reread his scenes. I keep trying to put into words what it is that I feel when I see him but it always sounds really crazy, and that is saying something coming from me I think. It's definitely something more than "favorite character" or even a character I relate to very much. He reminds me of me when I was his age (he even dresses in a way that I thought was ideal at the time), but there are other intense feelings too that make me think that it's more than that.

As you in particular probably know, this is a bit of a strange situation considering that Keisuke killed him, plus I don't often hear about someone having two very important characters from the same series (unless they're shippers). I'm very certain that my feelings are strong and real, and that I'm not developing a harem or anything. I don't know what exactly to call him. It seems like most people with daughterus or even imouto have an urge to protect and save; that's something I feel for Takeru as well, but it's… different? More than anything I just want to be there for him and guide him to a safe path, rather than protect him from immediate danger (which is my more typical instinct when I find a character that I'm protective of). On top of this, I feel like we are very much cut from the same cloth in a literal sort of way; it sounds similar to the way you feel about Eli. I want to be his family where (admittedly, through no real fault of their own) his failed, and the feeling is exactly the same for the other character.

I think what's getting me the most about this is I'm not sure what to call this sort of relationship when there isn't that much of an age difference between us. Both of the characters in question are only a few years younger than me, so calling myself their dad would be wrong. I don't know about calling him my otouto either since that seems disingenuous somehow (plus I sincerely doubt he'd like to be referred to as such), and I think I already mentioned that I have a little brother character already and that doesn't feel strange or forced. Apparently I'm a sucker for eyepatch characters. Well, I started writing this post thinking I'd figured it out but I guess not. Sorry if I derailed a bit.

>>38718

I used to write fanfiction and since I gave my two lead characters a lot of myself I see them like daughters.

They exist in-universe but they're background characters so their personalities as I see them are almost entirely of my own making. I absolutely love them but there's no element of romantic/sexual attraction.

While I will probably never finish their story I still carry them around with me and I probably have them on my mind more than my waifu. It's a kind of affection that's very difficult to describe

>First of all, what is daughteruism?

Don't know. I think there are multiple ways of daughteruism.

>Is your waifu the mother of your daughteru?

Yes. I think of Ika Musume more as Lukas daughter than as my daughter. I don't really see my self as her real dad, but I'm nut sure about that. I didn't build a headcanon yet.

What about your daughteru's canon parents?

She doesn't have them but her name implicates that her parents are squids.

>How do you even gain daughterus?

They run around on the street and you catch them and take them into your candy van.

>>42601

>implying

>>38797

My boy Butters is my pride and joy.

As others have said, I think the core of it is just an overwhelming sense of affection toward a character you don't have any romantic interest in.

In my case it's just generally a desire to remove her from her canon universe where death is literally a punchline.

As far as family dynamics, i don't even know. Human tanks are weird. She's not a child, she'll never grow up any but she's got the mental faculties of a housecat and her assault rifle is basically part of her. I feel like other people with more human daughterus have answered that better than i possibly can.

I'm pretty sure when I bring Heshiko home for the first time Kyoko would just go "what the FUCK is that thing, where the FUCK are its eyes"

It's just that I binge-watched Yuru Yuri in a particularly frightening time of my life, and for that time, I realized that she was truly the light of my life, and I wanted to be her dad.

>>51914

You and I have the same Daughteru

Shes just so sweet and innocent it makes me want to protect her smile.

>>51914

I don't know whether to joke about the usual lack of presence or the fact that >>51919 both your waifu and daughteru have the same name. It's no joke that she's a sweet and wonderful girl though, take good care of her.

y-yes I know you're sweet and wonderful too, toshii

Now that I have kids, I'll chime in. (Obviously, Undertale spoilers but I kept it as vague as possible. Probably don't click the image if you haven't played.)

>First of all, what is daughteruism?

Similar to waifuism in that it relies upon the love of a fictional character, but that love is storge instead of eros. Depending on the person or definition, there could be agape or philia in either or both, but daughterus are strictly related to familial affections whereas waifus - romantic.

>But the desire to make a random character your daughter/son seems unnatural to me. I don't get it.

I'm sure those who don't have waifus think the same thing about us. "Oh, he just picked a random anime girl that they thought was pretty and started calling her his girlfriend." It doesn't work like that. For me, there was a very intense feeling on sight for both of them that I haven't had with anybody else.

>How do you even gain daughterus?

It's hard to describe, but it's more than just wanting to be parental and take care of them and make sure they're safe. I feel protective and affectionate of many characters, but that doesn't mean I have dozens of kids. It's like these two were already a part of me, and I was already a part of their lives. You just know when you meet them that you are destined to be their caretaker. I saw pieces of me and of Keisuke in both of them and it seemed like a natural fit - no, not seemed, it already was a natural fit.

>Is your waifu the mother of your daughteru? Do they spend time together?

Yes, Keisuke is also in their lives. I took his feelings into account when we adopted them, and he wanted to be their papa, too. I wouldn't have taken them in, no matter how much I loved them, if Keisuke didn't feel the same way. They deserve to have a family that loves them both.

>What about your daughteru's canon parents?

I like and respect them. I was probably a little harsh on them in an earlier post I made back when seekrit was a thing - there are some things they probably couldn't have foreseen. However, I do think that Keisuke and I are more capable of understanding our kids' emotional needs right now, and there are other reasons why they can't be together. And I do think they put unnecessary pressure on their adoptive child that was already under a ton of stress. Probably something they didn't think about because they were so excited to see a solution to their problem, but you can't use a person as means to an end, no matter how nicely you put it or mean it. This the only real beef I have with them - I have forgiven them for the most part, but I can't really forget it. I don't consider them not our kids' parents, because they are… maybe a good way to put it is like just because your father remarried, it doesn't mean that your mom is less your mom or your stepmom can't be your mom, either. Our kids just happen to have three dads, two of which are currently taking care of them.

I've no interest in having kids, and I don't quite get daughterus, but since trying to be more active I've this looming fear that I need to declare another character from my husbando's series as our son to prevent any misunderstandings. Maybe I'm being stubborn because I'm not into it, and having one from the same series is relatively unheard of from what I've seen. The trouble is I can't divorce Tsuzuki from the friends and family he already has, which means his work partner is still there, and to me everything continues as normal. However, normal in canon is what most fans take to be a romantic relationship by reducing their favourite to generic tsundere.

I'll admit I never used to like Hisoka very much. It was like his redeeming feature for me was taking care of Tsuzuki. When I got older I started noticing the details I'd somehow passed blindly as a teen, and along with them I saw what the author meant by 'I went for the grumpy, tired Hisoka'. Probably he reminded me too much of myself; blowing up on people and feeling like a child afterwards. He's absolutely a teen who acts like he's seen it all but doesn't know where to put his own feet. As much as he can boss others around he needs someone to hold his hand and tell him when it's OK to cry, or be angry, or feel guilt.

Since 2011 we've had more chapters on his family history, following up the 1999-2001 chapters on his backstory. It's clear to me that his father did care for him, and that he's affected by Hisoka's death. He didn't take him to his sister's grave to torment him like some people think. He invested time in a child he couldn't bring himself to show to the world - taught him archery and kendo like Hisoka would still take over the household one day. I think his father would be grateful to know Hisoka has people he can rely on, and that his life didn't go to waste.

His mother's circumstances are difficult. He has very few memories of her, and ones we can assume are her are nothing but fear and hatred towards him. I don't believe it was her fault, and I hope that it's Hisoka's eventual involvement in the case that will relieve her suffering. If you think eight years on a boat was bad for Berserk, Rui has been pregnant with demonspawn for eighteen years while her sister's corpse screams at her. It's enough to turn you off any motherly instinct.

What I'm trying to get at is that Hisoka doesn't know real family, and if I were dropped in their office you know I'd take him to feed ducks in the park, and help him make pop up cards with doily and glitter tubes on every special occasion. Tsuzuki makes everyone's well-being his concern, and if anything (other than cake) could make him happy at work it'd be letting Hisoka have some semblance of a normal childhood.

>>51930

>Maybe I'm being stubborn because I'm not into it, and having one from the same series is relatively unheard of from what I've seen.

I have two sets of important characters from the same series, so at least you're not as weird as me!

>What I'm trying to get at is that Hisoka doesn't know real family, and if I were dropped in their office you know I'd take him to feed ducks in the park, and help him make pop up cards with doily and glitter tubes on every special occasion. Tsuzuki makes everyone's well-being his concern, and if anything (other than cake) could make him happy at work it'd be letting Hisoka have some semblance of a normal childhood.

I think this is really admirable and I'm glad that you all can work something out. I don't think you have to call Hisoka your son if you don't want to, but I'm glad that you've all come to some sort of understanding.