/sci/ - Science and Mathematics

>>2931

Not in the field, Future goal.

Favorite reaction: Ring closure of glucose (anyone have the steps?)

Favorite topic: pyrotechnics / combustion mechanics or metabolism

no work.

>>2946

if you're doing hemiacetals it's better to have basic medium, because in acidic medium the reaction goes one step further to a full acetal, the OH group substituting with a second OR₂.

>>2946

and yes ring closure of monosaccharide is this type of reaction.

>>2946

Nah way simpler, I mean this https://www3.nd.edu/~aseriann/glufru.html

I'd love to get into pyrotechnics and experiment with all sorts of things, except >germanfag so no chance of doing so without a license.

>>2950

Understandable, this was just the first one on wiki.

>also keeping the alcohol in excess to the acid can prevent this

>>2953

Same thing, bud.

Also, I'm not sure all the laws in German, but getting certain chems in the states can be difficult as well. Any time you mention chemicals, everyone reverts to 'He's making meth!'.

So what do we do? We find work arounds. Source chemicals from OTC items, and make the ones you can't purchase. It's a pain in the fucking ass, but it beats any regulations that anyone can instill. Just be on the lowdown with it and don't fucking brag every where.

Made phenyl-2-nitropropene from benzaldehyde and nitroethane a couple times, and both the benz and nitro where almost unsourceable. Had to make both, which adds another 2 steps to the synth and is another way to decrease yields, but you do what you have to do.

>inb4 breaking bad methfag. Never methylated after reduction, simply made the amphetamine salt to aid in my studies

>>2954

And I know making Potassium Nitrate isn't that hard, but I don't really feel like buying so many ingredients and I don't even have that much pertaining to glassware needed for chemistry e.g. Erlenmeyer flasks etc.

I'll look into making my own KNO3 from KCl and… well finding an ammonia compound isn't easy :(

>>2955

I'm just saying, where there's a will, there's a way.

>making KNO3

Try to source it first. Check your local hardware stores and major chain stores, many times they're sold as stump remover. Always check the MSDS, they're widely available online.

I bought all my glassware on ebay for fairly cheap. Just standard shit, sep funnels, vacuum, flasks, beakers, magnetic stirrer/hotplate. Pretty good deals there and scibay.

>ammonia compound

Do they sell hand coolers anywhere near you? They're like the opposite of hot-hands, where you break the water pouch and shake. The cold-hands have contain almost pure Ammonia Nitrate, which should work for most of your ammonia/nitro needs.

I'd be glad if this thread stuck around, I can also do my best to help with any questions/problems.

>>2956

In Germany, nothing is Pure. dilute everything. Fertilizer? 12% Potassium Nitrate TOPS

Cooling things? Dilute Ammonia nitrate with saltwater or xylitol.

Stump remover: Found nothing so far.

I guess i'll go to poland to buy everything i need and just go back :^)

>>2956

Ok i've dug up my old chemistry set from like 2000 and it has a bunch of chemicals, let me list them here

Sodium Bisulfate

Sodium Carbonate

Potassium ferrocyanide II

Calcium Hydroxide

Ammonium iron(III) sulfate

Ammonium chloride

Copper II Sulfate

Tartaric acid

Luminol

Iron filings

Potassium permanganate

Sadly, less than 10 grams of each.

Mind you, this was designed for kids 9 and up.

Only interesting thing for me would be Potassium permanganate, but i have less than 2 grams of that.

>>2958

That's okay man, you can always purify. KNO3 and NH4NO3 can be recrystallized with simply water, if I'm not mistaken. Is the saltwater already mixed with the cooling things? Many times it comes with a water pouch inside the main bag you squeeze and break, then shake with the chemicals inside.

I would help with the stump remover, but I don't know anything about Germany.

Your best bet would be that 12% shit and purify it. If you want it that bad, that is. Else, I'm sure there are other alternatives. Anything particular you are trying to accomplish?

>>2959

That's interesting. I've not heard of these chemistry sets until I was like 20. I also didn't get into chemistry until about the same time, so there's that. Does it come with a cool little experiment book?

Also if you're in the states, p. permanganate is relatively easy to get.

>>2960

See I'm not willing to spend 30 Dollars on 5kgs of fertilizer to get 600 grams of Potassium Nitrate…

Here's the fertilizer with 12% KNO3. Notice how it also has 12% Ammoniumnitrate and 19% Water soluable P2O5, as well as 10% KO2.

http://www.hornbach.de/shop/Rasen-Starter-Duenger-FloraSelf-2-5-kg/8709009/artikel.html

pretty sure it's easier to get in Poland for cheap and with 99% purity than make it myself.

Getting Potassium permanganate in Germany isn't easy either. The set has an experiment book with no specific theme

here are all topics:

>Color chemistry

>Flame coloration

>electricity and chemistry

>Seperation of chemicals

>Co2

>burning stuff and its' products

>Acids

>Metals

>Chemiluminescence

It covers a wide area but doesn't go too in-depth about the reactions, which is sad because I didn't learn anything reactionwise from this, only those experiments.

>>2961

600g is quite a bit, anon. What are you going for?

Can you just go over to Poland, purchase, and cross back into Germany? They would have a shitshow if we tried to cross borders with chemicals hard to get in the states.

If you list some of the chemicals used in some of the reactions, I could probably find the mechanism.

>though many look like physical property experiments

>>2962

Germany and Poland are part of a trade agreement that means open borders. not too sure how that relates to chemicals, but mostly you can get across tax free (except taxed things like alcohol and cigaretts)

I'm going for smokebombs and some basic shit, what else. need more fun on new years :^)

I looked through the booklet, nothing was really document as far as reactions go. Not a single reaction was explicity listed.

>>2963

That's badass, and I learned something.

Are you going sucrose/kno3 mix? I've read best yields are 40:60 with a little baking soda (NaHCO3) (sodium bicarbonate).

I'm trying to think of other materials you could make with little equipment. Do you have any means of distillation with glassware? Nitrating common compounds (toluene and even sucrose/glucose/anything with a hydroxide group) can usually lead to a decent boom. But this isn't something to just do lazily and haphazardly, it'll explode and you'll die.

I've made small amounts of TATP before, it's a pretty straightforward easy synth, but the product is HIGHLY UNSTABLE. Also things like Nitrogen Triiodide which is cool to watch 'poof' when disturbed (also highly unstable, but much less dangerous in terms of explosive. Do not breathe in).

>>2955

>>2958

>>2961

>>2963

order some sodium/potassium/ammonium nitrate online or make sodium nitrate from sodium nitrite and hydrogen peroxide. for some pyrotechnics you can also use sodium chlorate or sodium perchlorate as the oxidizer, both can easily be made from bleach.

>>2964

No distillation hardware.

>it'll explode and you'll die

now make some azidoazide azide :^) http://pipeline.corante.com/archives/2013/01/09/things_i_wont_work_with_azidoazide_azides_more_or_less.php

>The sensitivity of C2N14 is beyond our capabilities of measurement. The smallest possible loadings in shock and friction tests led to explosive decomposition. . .

>>2965

Thanks for that, will look into it. bleach is easy to get, alas not in high concentrations but my mother is a barber so this should work.

Since Sodium chlorate is used as a bleaching agent, shouldn't be too hard to get.

>>2965

This.

>>2966

Strange you post that article, I have been looking for it for a few months now. Most azides, I believe, are known to be dangerous, but this one has strictly C-N bonds, I couldn't imagine.

Most bleach is between 5-10% unless you have an industrial source. The fact it's so easy to get, makes it still a decent option.

>You can also make chloroform from bleach. Small amounts per gallon, but still very viable.

>>2967

>You can also make chloroform from bleach. Small amounts per gallon, but still very viable.

Chloroform is useful only really as a solvent, and even then Dichloromethane is better IMO. Still neat to have around to freak people out.

Also, to the german anon, you could always make a birkland-eyde reactor. Granted it makes nitric acid rather than potassium nitrate, but nitrating shit (and watching it go boom) can be fun. Do some research before hand though, as much of the products can be explosive.

>chemestry

Is it possible to calculate the number of possible salts there are?

Ie sodium chloride 1

Potassium chloride 2

Etc

>>2956

>ammonia chloride

They used to but, now they are almost always urea based, because people bout those fuckers in bulk and it looked pretty suspicious.

>>3017

Calculate? Probably not. There are as many salts are there are acids and reagents.

>>3017

No, unless you set a limit to the allowed size or number of atoms of both the anion and the cation. Even then it would take an advanced simulation software to calculate which combinations of atoms could make stable ions, how many stable isomers of those ions could exist and which of those ions could co-exist to make up a stable salt. That would also take an insane amount of computing power, or time. And the result may still be flawed, simulation softwares arent perfect.

>>3021

>there are as many salts are there are acids and reagents

Im not sure what you are trying to say but im pretty sure its wrong

I'm a physic guy here, sorry. I also like biology, but I just hate chemistry. ughhh

Thermodynamics is ok tho.