NY here, so I can't be much help of where to fish but I can help you with what to use.
I've been using Joe's Flies a lot lately and I've been catching everything from smallmouth bass to sunfish to shitty baitfish. Haven't had any luck in the realm of trout this year though.
If you like going for panfish (pumpkinseed & bluegill sunfish, crappies, perch) you cant go wrong with the classic mini tube bait, live worms and a bobber, or a jig spinner.
For the mini-tube baits, I like to fish right next to shore or off of a dock where there is cover (weeds, logs, lillypads) for the panfish to hide. I'll use a small Aberdeen hook and slip it through the inside of the body and have it come out down by the skirt. Then I'll just flick it in the water ahead of me and make the bait imitate an injured minnow or a bug twitching in the water. I usually dont use a sinker, but if you want you can use a small splitshot about 10 inches up from the bait so it can still float naturally through the water.
For a jig spinner, cast it out and reel it in with a medium retrieve. Pretty simple. You can jig it also, or count down to get it to a desired depth in deeper waters (I usually guess-timate 1sec=1foot).
For a Joe's Fly, cast it out and try to keep it near the surface of the water. The blade acts as an attractant, but the main allure of it is a fish looking up and seeing an insect moving across the surface of the water.
Hope this helps! Have fun! And remember, a bad day of fishing is better than a good day at work